Engine Parts

Types of engine parts and their function:

Cylinder Block

The core of the engine is the cylinder. Four, six, and eight cylinders are common in passenger cars, which vary in terms of smoothness, shape characteristics, fuel consumption, and cost.

The cylinder block is one of your engines main components. It plays a key role in lubrication, temperature control, and stability of the engine. We, at Möller, provide the highest quality of cylinder blocks to avoid short cuts. A typical cylinder block unit is made up of a number of cylinders, depending on the type and specification of the engine model being built, and it will include cylinder walls, coolant passages and cylinder sleeves.

Besides, in a multi-cylinder engine, the cylinders are usually arranged in one of the following ways:

• In-line in which the cylinders are arranged in a line in a single bank

• V in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks set at an angle to one another

• Flat in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks on opposite sides of the engine

Cylinder

It is a cylindrical container in which the fuel burns and the piston reciprocates. A cylinder is case hardened and machined with a very high surface finish.

Piston

A piston is a cylindrical piece of metal that fits inside the cylinder forming a movable boundary. With the help of proper lubrication, the piston moves smoothly up and down inside the cylinder. The latter makes almost airtight contact with the cylinder walls with the help of piston rings. A piston is the first link in transmitting the gas force into the crankshaft.

Piston Rings

Piston rings are extremely important to prohibit leaking of oil into the combustion are, providing perfect contact between the piston and the cylinder walls. However, they permit a small amount of lubricant to pass through keeping a smooth functioning of the piston. Moreover, they prevent the fuel-air mixture and exhaust in the combustion chamber from leaking into the sump during compression and combustion. Piston rings are designed to tolerate high temperatures and thrust.

Engines use mainly 3 types of piston rings.

• The Temperature Piston Ring: Designed to bear extreme temperature

• The Pressure Piston Ring: Designed to bear extreme pressure due to thrust generated by the engine

• The Lubrication Piston Ring: Designed in a way that allows a small amount of lubricant to pass through into the combustion chamber

Spark Plug

A spark must happen at the right moment for the car to start properly. Thus, the spark plug is another essential component for your car’s function providing the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture, so as the combustion occurs. Spark plugs are mainly used in car engines that use petrol as a fuel; they derive power either from a battery or magneto.

Valve

There are 2 types of valves, which are presented by Intake and Exhaust valves. The mushroom shaped head valves are used to regulate charge or air coming to the engine for burning and exhaust gases going out from the cylinder respectively.

Intake valves are connected to the intake manifold and are essential in both, petrol engines, in which the air and fuel enters though the intake valve and diesel engines, in which only air enters through the intake valve. Whereas exhaust valves are connected to the exhaust manifold and are essential in petrol and diesel engines, in which they are meant for letting exhaust gas out.

Connecting Rod

A connecting rod connects the piston to the crankshaft. It transfers reciprocatory motion from the piston head to the crankshaft, where it is converted into rotary motion. A connecting rod has a small end, which is connected with the crankshaft by a gudgeon pin and a big end, which is connected with the crankshaft by a crank-pin.

Crankshaft

The crankshaft is another essential car engine part that turns the up-and-down motion of the piston into rotary motion with the help of the connecting rod. A crankshaft has provisions for static and dynamic load balancing.

Sump

The sump acts as a tub to collect the engine oil. The oil sump or the oil pan surrounds the crankshaft. It stores the remaining oil that has different roles as lubricating all parts of the engine, preventing excessive wear of parts, cleaning the surface, keeping the engine clean, and inhibiting corrosion.